Using a spice grinder or coffee grinder, process 2 tablespoons + 2 teaspoons (25g) quick-cooking tapioca into a find powder. Set aside.
In a large bowl, combine 3 cups blueberries, 3 cups rhubarb, ¾ cup sugar, 2 teaspoons vanilla, grated zest of 1 lemon, 1 tablespoon lemon juice, ¼ teaspoon salt, heaping ¼ teaspoon nutmeg, ⅛ teaspoon cardamom and ground tapioca. Stir until everything is combined.
Transfer filling to chilled dough-lined pie plate; sprinkle 1 tablespoon butter evenly over filling.
Gently place second chilled dough round over top of filling (or create a lattice top). Trim overhang to ½-inch then tuck edges under and crimp using thumbs and pointer fingers.
Brush dough with egg wash; transfer pie to freezer and chill until dough is firm, about 45 minutes (skip this step if using frozen fruit).
Preheat oven to 400°F (204ºC) with rack set in lowest position.
Transfer pie to a baking sheet and bake until crust is light golden brown, 25 minutes.
Reduce oven temperature to 350°F (177ºC), rotate baking sheet, and continue to bake until crust is golden brown, 30 minutes.
Sprinkle ~2 tablespoons sugar over top of crust and bake until crust is deep golden brown and filling is bubbling, about 30 more minutes. (Keep an eye on the edges—if they're getting too dark, cover edges with a foil sheild.)
Transfer pie to a wire rack; let cool completely, at least 4 hours.