21 Essential Spices & Dried Herbs for Every Home Cook

Have you ever wondered what spices you should have in your pantry? Whether you’re just starting to fill up your spice cabinet, or trying to pare things down, this list of the 21 Essential Spices and Dried Herbs for Every Home Cook is the ultimate guide to completing your pantry.

Buying Spices

Purchasing quality spices matters—the better quality they are the more flavor and potency they will. You’re already investing in filling out a spice cabinet, so make sure it’s a worthy investment!

I purchase a lot of spiced from Burlap and Barrel. Their spices are exceptional and their mission to shorten the supply chain and support farmers is even more reason to buy from them.

When shopping at the store, I always seek out Frontier Co-op or Morton and Bassett spices.

How to Store Spices Correctly

As a rule of thumb, all spices and dried herbs should be stored in a cool, dark place. Many people tend to store spices near or above their stove out of ease during cooking.

However, the heat that’s given off by the stovetop and oven can damage the spices, decreasing their potency.

Additionally, most dried herbs and spices start to lose potency after 6 months, although they’re still fine to use, just keep that in mind and adjust seasoning (add more) when cooking, if needed.

Now let’s get to the good stuff! Here are the most essential spices for your spice cabinet.

Basic Essential Spices

Kosher Salt and Pepper

Okay, kosher salt and whole peppercorns are both absolutely essential spices. But because they are so common, we didn’t think it was right for them to take up precious space in the top ten list of essential spices and dried herbs.

Kosher salt is the way to go (instead of table salt) because it goes much farther when seasoning, most (reputable) recipes are developed with kosher salt, and well, it just has more oomph. 

New to kosher salt? We cover everything you need to know in What is Kosher Salt. If you’re also new to whole peppercorns, you’re going to need to get a pepper grinder.

And let me tell you, there are some terrible pepper grinders out there. This pepper grinder from Peugeot is hands-down the best grinder you can buy.

Red Pepper Flakes

Whether you’re making homemade marinara sauce or topping a take-out pizza, red pepper flakes are essential for adding a kick of heat to your meals.

Use red pepper flakes in pasta and pizza sauces, soups, anything with sausage, brines, and marinades. Use red pepper flakes in this Shrimp fra Diavolo.

Garlic Powder

When you’re short on time and need to add a kick of garlic to whatever you’re cooking, garlic powder is a great shortcut. While fresh is always best, it’s great to have garlic powder on hand for busy nights.

Skip any with added herbs and flavorings. And, if you’re wondering, garlic salt is simply garlic powder with salt added (so skip garlic salt and get more bang for your buck with garlic powder).

Use garlic powder in rubs and spice blends such as Cajun Seasoning and Blackening Seasoning.

Ground Cinnamon

An absolute essential in baking and cooking. Cinnamon is most familiar to people in sweet applications, but it’s also common in savory stews to add depth of flavor and dimension.

Use ground cinnamon in my Cinnamon Rolls, Bran Muffins, Hermit Cookies, Cottage Cheese Cake and so much more!

Whole Nutmeg

Yes, you need whole nutmeg, which means you’ll need a microplane. But trust me, grated fresh nutmeg offers so much more flavor than the pre ground stuff.

Plus, you’ll use a microplane for tons of things, I use mine daily for zesting lemons and grating Parmesan.

Use nutmeg in desserts, baked goods, warm drinks, and anything featuring a creamy, cheesy sauce. Think alfredo, basic white sauces, potato soups, potato gratin or cauliflower gratin. It’s also often added to veggies (like my Savory Sweet Potato Recipe) and ground meat dishes as well.

Ground Cloves

This is key for fall and winter baking. Ground cloves bring an essential warmth and depth of flavor that you can’t get from anything else. It’s essential in Pumpkin Pie and is a key ingredient in making a homemade apple pie spice blend (which I use to make Apple Pie Cookies).

Cayenne Pepper

In similar vein to red pepper flakes, cayenne pepper adds heat to a myriad of dishes. This versatile spice, made from ground chiles, is often used in hot sauces, and is prevalent in Mexican, Cajun, Southern, and Indian cuisines.

Add a little kick Salmon Croquettes with a dash of cayenne or try it in my Beef Kofta.

Ground Cumin

Cumin is actually the dried fruit of a plant in the parsley family. Cumin comes in both seed and ground form, but ground appears on this list due in part to its convenience.

This aromatic spice is used a lot in Middle Eastern cuisine as well as Asian and North African.

Use ground cumin to make homemade Easy Guacamole or homemade Adobo Sauce. If you want to try out whole cumin seed, use it in my Beef and Cabbage Soup or Apple Walnut Salad with Toasted Cumin Vinaigrette.

Onion Powder

Onion powder makes the list for the same reason that garlic powder does. It’s great for busy weeknights or when you’re in a pinch.

Use onion powder in rubs, spice blends, breadings and dressings. It’s especially right at home in my Blackened Salmon recipe. You can also add it to the cornstarch mixture used to make Crispy Tofu or the breading mixture used to coat my Chicken Cutlets.

Ground Cardamom

This aromatic spice is great in cocktails and baking as well as curries and stews. Taste as you go, because a little goes a long way. Use cardamom in my Chewy Cardamom Cookies, Mini Cardamom Pavlova or my fan-favorite Pistachio Cake.

Curry Powder

A mix of more than 20 herbs, spices, and seeds, curry powder can be used in a lot more than just curry dishes (though you should definitely try my Meatball Curry!). Use it in these veggie cakes, stuffed mushrooms, or sprinkle it over popcorn.

Ground Coriander

The ground seeds of the coriander plant, sold fresh as cilantro, is used in a variety of dishes. I like to use it in tacos, guacamole, and curry dishes. Coriander is a must in these Cilantro Lime Shrimp Tacos and Carne en su Jugó.

Dried Ground Ginger

Great in spice-heavy baking, curries, meat dishes, and soups. It’s an important ingredient in Gingerbread Biscotti as well as my Mini Meatloaf.

Smoked Paprika

This mild spice adds a smoky note to seafood, vegetable, and egg dishes. It’s a great addition to my Hungarian Mushroom Soup.

Chili Powder

A great shortcut in the kitchen, chili powder is a spice blend made with chiles, garlic, cumin, coriander, oregano, and cloves. Use in Mexican and Southwest cuisine. It’s key to any Quick Chili Recipe.

Essential Dried Herbs

Dried Bay Leaves

An aromatic herb with woodsy aroma, dried bay leaves are often used in stews, soups, long simmered dishes, meat dishes, and vegetable dishes.

Most recipes call for 1–2 dried bay leaves since using too many can cause the dish to become bitter. They should be removed from the food before eating.

Use dried bay leaves in this Pozole Recipe, my Beef and Barley Soup and Tacos Arabes.

Dried Basil

Although dried basil bears little resemblance to fresh basil in flavor, it’s an important dried herb to have in your spice cabinet. It’s great added to Italian dishes and bumps up the flavor in soups and tomato sauces.

When in season, I recommend keeping fresh basil on hand as much as possible.

Use dried basil in my Cottage Cheese Lasagna!

Dried Oregano

Related to marjoram, oregano is more pungent in flavor and is featured a lot in Mediterranean recipes. Use dried oregano in Greek dishes, pizza, meat dishes, and vegetable dishes.

Use dried oregano in my Quick Lasagna Soup, Chicken Pozole Verde and my Mexican Chicken Soup.

Dried Rosemary

Use this aromatic spice in stews, soups, meat dishes, and vegetable dishes. Use dried rosemary to season the little puff pastry croutons for my Chicken Pot Pie Soup.

Dried Dill Weed

Use dried dill in salad dressings and vinaigrettes, yogurt sauces, and dips.It also pairs wonderfully with salmon and green peas. Use dried (or fresh) dill in my Lemon Dill Salmon as well as my Dill Pickle Pasta Salad.

This article was most recently updated on January 28th, 2025 with additional spices and more ways to use them. It was also reorganized for clarity and understanding.